In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator framework, personality types represent various approaches to life. Each one is a fascinating study with its own unique strengths and weaknesses. And people have succeeded immensely by understanding them better.
Most people take the MBTI in order to understand themselves. Understandably so. However, this tool is just as useful in understanding others, especially for managers and HR personnel.
There are 16 different MBTI personality types, which might seem like a daunting list to familiarize yourself with. Yet the benefits can be intense.
When we really know who we’re working with, we’re in a much better position to maximize their potential.
One of these designations, the INTP, is also known as “The Contemplator.” It’s on the rarer side, with just 3%-5% of people identifying this way – men more so than women. Highly intellectual, INTPs want and even need to get to the bottom of things, knowing how, what, why, where, and when. They’re essentially driven by the desire to understand the world they interact with.
This nature can obviously bring intense benefits to a wide variety of situations and scenarios, making the INTP well worth studying.
An INTP’s Daily Life
INTPs take a logical and reasonable approach to life whenever possible. That’s their natural instinct and what feels most fulfilling to them in any given moment.
This facts-and-figures outlook, however, doesn’t mean they can’t see the realm of theoretical possibilities. INTPs constantly view things from the perspective of possible changes or advancements. They use their intellect to reason through complex issues, recognize patterns, and evaluate situations in order to make those possibilities actualities.
The INTP’s real motivation, however, isn’t necessarily to change the world. It’s to understand it. They desire clarity in everything they come in contact with, especially pertaining to more scientific studies.
Once they zero in on a project, the INTP easily falls into the absent-minded professor archetype. The high value they place on intelligence and their ability to solve problems by applying reasoning to theories can and often does become consuming.
Call it an obsession on their part. Or perhaps unrecognized fixation might be a better way of describing the INTP’s laser focus on results.
Everything else falls away for them, including time.
Put another way, INTPs usually spend their lives in their own minds. They don’t tend to place as much weight or emphasis on the outside world once they become determined to find logical solutions to something.
The INTP’s innate desire to translate ideas into practical knowledge can even develop into a sense of duty. They’ll believe (rightly or wrongly) that it’s up to them to address theoretical issues and advance society’s understanding… in which case, they can be counted on to nothing less.
INTP Strengths
As already noted, INTPs place a high value on knowledge, always trying to come up with new theories or ways to support or refute old ones. They approach theories and problems with curiosity and skepticism, disobeying accepted norms and viewpoints, and formulating their own strategies to tackle the project at hand.
That latter characteristic might sound like a negative. However, it can be extremely useful in advancing scientific thought. After all, sometimes the world needs some pushback on old hangups and adherence to the status quo.
Whenever something piques their curiosity, the typically very intelligent INTP automatically wants to look for trends and rational explanations to explain it. These people can be unbiasedly critical in their assessments, and passionate about theories and abstractions.
And, as previously stated, they have no problem giving a project the time it needs (or more).
Typically tolerant and adaptable, they adore novel concepts and enjoy talking about their ideas with other people. If you can get them away from their tasks, they can be truly fascinating conversationalists – provided you care about the topics of their interest, of course.
In fact, the INTP is extroverted and extremely self-assured when interacting with people they know well. Though, when it comes to meeting new people, they’re probably incredibly shy.
Challenges Faced by INTPs
Because their feeling side is their least developed attribute, INTPs often find it challenging to provide warmth and support in close relationships. They simply don’t understand the importance of showing consideration for other people’s emotions.
In worst-case scenarios, this can lead to them becoming extremely judgmental and caustic. And even in the best of cases, it can cause tensions in personal, casual, or professional interactions alike.
INTPs in general are quick to devalue anything that falls into subjective opinion or emotion. If a decision isn’t based on facts and figures, they’re not going to understand or appreciate it.
It’s as simple as that. And if anything challenges one of their deeply held ideas, they have a bad habit of becoming inflexible.
All put together, it should come as no great surprise that INTPs can find themselves struggling with social disobedience and self-aggrandizement. These tendencies, in turn, limit their creative potential, which is unfortunate for everyone involved…
Not just for them but anyone else they could have otherwise reached.
Coaching and Development for INTPs
INTPs most often use what they consider to be unchangeable truths to communicate their ideas. Normally, this involves well-reasoned comprehension of a concept; however, that doesn’t mean they’re always easy to understand.
This can become a greater issue still since INTPs aren’t inclined to bend reality to make things easier for anyone. They should just understand – right?
Yet amazing discoveries are ultimately meaningless if only one person knows about it. So it’s critical that INTPs concentrate on clearly communicating their established theories.
This might be frustrating to them considering their usual desire to finish up a project and move on – immediately if not sooner – to the next “big thing” that interests them. However, life is filled with frustrations sometimes, and every personality type needs to learn how to deal with their own.
INTPs need to be reminded that they’re no exception in this regard, no matter how they might think otherwise.
It’s also important to know that INTPs detest working on mundane tasks. They’d much rather develop intricate theoretical answers and let others handle system implementation.
Typically autonomous, nonconformist, and creative, INTPs can have complicated personalities, leading to erratic and restless behavior. But when they’re able to work on their own theories in their own way, they can come up with the most amazing applicable ideas.
Settings that therefore foster their creative, admittedly eccentric potential can help them achieve truly fascinating things.
INTPs in the Workplace
INTPs, with their unusual thought patterns and excessive intelligence, are particularly adept in scientific studies and technological pursuits. Their impressive ability to evaluate ideas from completely new angles has already been documented time and time again. And we’ll no doubt be hearing more sensational stories from this personality type going forward.
In the meantime, possible career paths for INTPs include:
In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator framework, personality types represent various approaches to life. Each one is a fascinating study with its own unique strengths and weaknesses. And people have succeeded immensely by understanding them better.
Most people take the MBTI in order to understand themselves. Understandably so. However, this tool is just as useful in understanding others, especially for managers and HR personnel.
There are 16 different MBTI personality types, which might seem like a daunting list to familiarize yourself with. Yet the benefits can be intense.
When we really know who we’re working with, we’re in a much better position to maximize their potential.
This is true across the board, including with the ENFP, or “Defender” category. Making up about 8.2% of the general population and 10.2% of women, it’s marked by amazing characteristics, including the tendency to see life as a unique gift that must be appreciated to its fullest. This outlook allows ENFPs to interact with others in some pretty positive ways.
When properly understood and encouraged, the ENFP personality type can definitely make the world a better place.
An ENFP’s Daily Life
The ENFP’s main way of observing the world – and therefore interacting with it – is from the inside out, mainly through their intuition. They have a fundamental joy in life that’s hard to beat and a strong moral code that involves being true to themselves.
It cannot be stressed enough how important it is for them that their actions and values remain consistent. An ENFP who strays away from this necessity won’t end up being happy.
That might sound like an obvious statement that should apply to everyone, but it especially applies to ENFPs. They must have a sense of being authentic and following their moral convictions in order to feel that they are leading fulfilling lives.
Admittedly, they also have a strong desire to be accepted. Normally, their ethics win out when these tendencies come into conflict. But an ENFP may sometimes (particularly when younger) have a tendency to be “gushy,” dishonest, and generally “overdo” things in an attempt to gain approval.
If they figure out how to overcome that shortcoming, however, ENFPs can and do go on to become excellent at bringing out the best in other people. Combine that capability with full enthusiasm to take on life, and it should be no surprise that they’re usually well-liked.
With that said, this positive, ready-to-tackle-the-world attitude – which can too often encourage a chaotic lifestyle, or at least the appearance of such – can highly frustrate some people. This can be especially true of ENFPs’ own children, particularly those with strong inclinations toward assessing life more critically.
This temperament difference can mean the parent is perceived as being inconsistent and hard to understand. There’s also the chance for ENFPs to be controlling in how they raise their kids at times, which can cause further strife.
Then again, they may just as easily desire to be their child’s greatest friend instead. It can depend on the day and situation as much as the person and personality combination.
On the overwhelmingly positive parenting side, ENFPs and are very good about instilling their value systems in their offspring. That’s a priority on their part, and one that almost always bears fruit.
ENFP Strengths
Warm and gregarious, ENFPs are usually very intelligent and full of promise. A large part of that promise comes from how they’re traditionally passionate and excited about so much that comes their way.
The way they see the world, it truly is full of possibilities to see sights, do things, and help others adopt that same mentality. This mindset gives them a much greater capacity to uplift and encourage others than we see in other personality types.
It also means it isn’t hard to convince an ENFP into an activity. They’re usually game to try something new for the experience alone.
ENFPs possess a remarkably diverse array of abilities and aptitudes. If they’re interested in a project or study, they’re probably going to be good at it. Moreover, once they start something, they’re probably going to finish it.
Most ENFPs are excellent communicators. They value their interpersonal ties highly and are genuinely kind and interested in people.
Put another way, this personality type is relationship oriented. And they’ll remain loyal to those in their life just as long as they have strong moral principles to tie them down.
It should also be noted that ENFPs enjoy a little excitement in their lives. So they do often pair best with people who welcome change and novel experiences.
The ENFP may appear aimless and purposeless to casual observers (or more critical mindsets, as already noted). But in reality, they’re highly consistent individuals who uphold a strong sense of moral principles throughout their lives.
Challenges Faced by ENFPs
When an ENFP does go wrong, he or she can become highly skilled at manipulation. Endowed with the gift of gab, it’s easy and even instinctive for them to get others to sign on to their projects and plans.
And even the best of the best ENFPs aren’t immune to making grave mistakes in judgment. Although they possess a remarkable ability to intuitively discern the truth about people and circumstances, they can still get judgmental and draw incorrect conclusions.
In addition, when an ENFP finds himself or herself up against projects they’re not interested in, they can be more prone to ditching the task at hand. Or the relationship, for that matter, whether by withdrawing or by ending it altogether.
Their constant focus on potential outcomes may also cause them to grow disinterested in the current state of affairs. At the same time, they’re highly sensitive and aware of their surroundings, continuously scanning their environment… which means they’re more prone to suffering muscle tension.
Because they’re drawn to the world of thrilling possibilities, ENFPs tend to discount or outright overlook the minutiae of daily existence. They just don’t care about doing intricate maintenance-related duties and take no joy when they’re forced to complete such activities.
Coaching and Development for ENFPs
When ENFPs maintain their composure and focus, they tend to achieve great success in their pursuits. However, as previously noted, some of them have a tendency to give up on projects when they get enthusiastic about a new opportunity.
This flightiness naturally prevents them from ever reaching their full potential.
That’s why ENFPs should be encouraged to concentrate on seeing their tasks through to completion. And feel free to give them some time and space to process what you say. In contrast to other extraverted personality types, ENFPs actually require alone time in order to refocus and confirm that their actions align with their ideals.
Resistant to being categorized or controlled, they have a strong drive to be independent. And they don’t necessarily want to manage others either, hating to see anyone suppressed, no matter who.
In general, ENFPs are content people. But if they’re forced to perform boring chores or adhere to rigid timetables, they could get upset.
As a result, they function best in environments that allow them to be highly flexible. And they can equally thrive when they get to collaborate with others and share ideas.
Moreover, if they’re enthusiastic about their jobs, they can be highly productive with minimal guidance.
ENFPs in the Workplace
Charming, risk-takers, ENFPs are equally sensitive and people-oriented with a wide range of abilities. It’s really just a matter of whether they can stay focused and learn how to follow through. Because when they do achieve that state, their gifts can do so much to fulfill both themselves and those around them.
All told, potential career choices for ENFPs include:
Consultant
Teacher
Actor
Entrepreneur
Advisor
Diplomat or politician
Journalist or writer
Computer programmer, systems analyst, or computer scientist
In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator framework, personality types represent various approaches to life. Each one is a fascinating study with its own unique strengths and weaknesses. And people have succeeded immensely by understanding them better.
Most people take the MBTI in order to understand themselves. Understandably so. However, this tool is just as useful in understanding others, especially for managers and HR personnel.
There are 16 different MBTI personality types, which might seem like a daunting list to familiarize yourself with. Yet the benefits can be intense.
When we really know who we’re working with, we’re in a much better position to maximize their potential.
Consider the INFJ designation, nicknamed “The Defender.” It’s the rarest of the 16, making up just 1% of the U.S. population; and it’s even more uncommon for a man to be one. Sometimes described as a “walking contradiction,” these individuals are pretty secretive about their personal lives, allowing only a very small inner circle to know them inside and out.
Yet it is possible to understand an INFJ – no matter how guarded they might be.
An INFJ’s Daily Life
If you’re an INFJ, your way of life is mainly internal. You use your intuition to process information first and foremost.
Having structure and order in the outside world is very important for INFJs – even if they may display somewhat disorganized workspaces or living areas. Absolute order, after all, is difficult to maintain and probably requires a much more externally minded focus.
INFJs spend a great deal of effort figuring out the most effective method for finishing tasks, and they continually establish and reassess their priorities. Yet they function intuitively and completely spontaneously within themselves.
Incredibly perceptive, INFJs have an innate understanding of people and circumstances without necessarily having in-depth knowledge of the topic at hand. Moreover, most of the time, they’re correct – and they know it.
They simply “feel” things, sensing what’s real and what isn’t. As an extreme illustration of this tendency, some INFJs have described having intense psychic feelings about loved ones… only to then learn they were involved in an automobile accident or some other tragedy.
Other personality types can and do laugh and belittle this kind of behavior, with some understandable reason. And even INFJs themselves may not fully comprehend their intuition, at least not to the point where they can describe it. Yet it’s real and can actually be quite useful.
Incidentally, the lack of support about their “powers” is part of why most INFJs are guardians of their inner selves, disclosing information about their personal lives only as they see fit.
Though they can attain significant inner depth and depth of feeling, INFJs do not always have an easy life.
INFJ Strengths
INFJs are profoundly complex. The main reason being that many facets of their personalities appear to be at odds with one another. Yet it’s these very contradictions that are what most observers find fascinating about INFJs.
They might describe themselves as extroverted introverts, calm yet emotional, pessimistically optimistic or optimistically pessimistic, and/or logically creative or creatively logical – just to name a few possibilities.
As already described, INFJs have a great deal of faith in their gut feelings and intuitions. Yet, thanks to their internal-external struggle, they’re often not as judgmental as other structured personality types.
They actually make intense efforts to be kind in order to prevent harming others since they care about their feelings.
Patient, loyal, and protective by nature, INFJs are typically devoted parents who share close ties with their children. They have high expectations for their children and urge them to reach their full potential and have high expectations for them.
While this can occasionally turn into obstinate and hard-nosed guidance, most children of INFJs receive profoundly compassionate and committed parental guidance.
They have equally high standards for themselves, striving to live in accordance with their strong moral convictions and systems of values. INFJs are, in some respects, gentle and laid-back due to the emotion component of their personalities.
But they’re very value-oriented and don’t believe in compromising on what they hold dear.
Challenges Faced by INFJs
On the downside, the INFJ nature almost always encourages them to be private – to a fault – and challenging to understand. Downright secretive at times, they have a bad habit of withholding aspects of who they are.
Along those lines, INFJs aren’t always the best speakers. They can and do listen with the best of them, but when it comes to expressing what they’re thinking, they can too easily trip over their own language.
In addition, because they’re so intuitive with such justifiable confidence in their gut feelings, they run the risk of automatically assuming they’re right even when they’re not. This can mean that the INFJ becomes narrow-minded, disregarding the opinions of others in some situations.
They’re also too peace oriented. Because they seek harmony so much for both themselves and especially those around them, they easily fail to see when conflict can actually be a positive.
For instance, they might very well avoid telling someone that they’re offended… even though doing so could actually strengthen the relationship long-term.
In the same regard, the typically calm INFJ can become agitated or angry when confronted with conflicting situations. And if the stress builds up too much, they can internalize conflict into physical health issues.
Coaching and Development for INFJs
INFJs are perfectionists who question if they’re reaching their full potential. Never totally content with who they are, they always think there’s something more they could be doing to better the world and themselves.
Since they consider growth to be a continuous state of being, they don’t typically take the time to celebrate their successes. This doesn’t mean you shouldn’t compliment them, however; appreciation is always encouraging to hear.
INFJs typically shine in roles that allow them to be creative and relatively autonomous at work. They’re naturally drawn to the arts, though many do quite well in more scientific studies since they can apply their intuition there. And service-oriented vocations are another great spot to encourage them toward.
They do, however, struggle to handle minuscule details and intricate assignments. Their tendency is to either steer clear of these situations altogether… or get so engrossed in the minutiae that they lose sight of the larger picture.
It’s also the detail-engrossed INFJ that can get quite judgmental of others who aren’t so focused. So managers should watch out for that.
INFJs in the Workplace
Don’t let the INFJ’s introverted nature fool you. This grouping’s ability to read people and desire to help makes them very suitable for many people-oriented professions. Always looking for ways to grow and encourage others to grow, their gifts can bring new depths of understanding to those who seek their expertise.
Potential INFJ career possibilities include:
Religious and clergy positions
Employment instructors,
Physicians and dentists
Alternative medical professionals, such as reflexologists and chiropractors, psychologists and psychiatrists
Social professionals and counselors
Artists and musicians
Photographers
Early childhood development and childcare professionals.
In the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator framework, personality types represent various approaches to life. Each one is a fascinating study with its own unique strengths and weaknesses. And people have succeeded immensely by understanding them better.
Most people take the MBTI in order to understand themselves. Understandably so. However, this tool is just as useful in understanding others, especially for managers and HR personnel.
There are 16 different MBTI personality types, which might seem like a daunting list to familiarize yourself with. Yet the benefits can be intense.
When we really know who we’re working with, we’re in a much better position to maximize their potential.
Take the ESFJ, also known as “The Caregiver.” Quite common relative to the other 15 categories, it makes up a good 12% of the U.S. population. But that hardly means it should be taken for granted. ESFJs are extreme people persons who can have some of the best affects on their fellow human beings – something societies can always use more of.
Here’s what you need to know about ESFJs, what makes them tick, and where they best fit into the workforce.
An ESFJ’s Daily Life
If you’re an ESFJ, your main way of evaluating and interacting with life is externally oriented; you handle situations based on your external facing view and how that aligns with your personal experiences.
And those personal values are very, very people oriented. ESFJs absolutely adore their fellow human beings, taking a genuine interest in those around them. They collect precise, in-depth information about people, then transform that data into affirmative judgments.
ESFJs tend to have strong beliefs about how things ought to be and don’t hesitate to voice them. Yet it’s important to realize that their moral codes are often shaped more by the society they live in rather than personal convictions. Moreover, they have an intense need for social acceptance and crave friendly environments.
On the plus side, this makes ESFJs very supportive of others and highly dependable. Detail-oriented in the extreme, they place a high value on stability and security, and take their tasks seriously. Moreover, they’re good at it, identifying tasks quickly and exceeding expectations in completing them .
However, they do seek recognition for their contributions and authenticity, and they’re easily wounded if others act indifferently to them… assuming negative intentions even when none exist.
ESFJs share many traits commonly associated with women in our culture. But ESFJ men don’t tend to look feminine at all. While they may become sensitive as you get to know them, male ESFJs will come across as very macho and female ESFJs as very feminine.
Either way, they place a high value on stability and tradition, seeking stable lives where they can spend ample time with friends and family.
ESFJ Strengths
Since they tend to be raised and surrounded by strong, moral, and genuinely goodness-centered value systems, ESFJs are often the kindest, most giving people you’ll ever meet. Armed with a high degree of social awareness, they will give you anything, no questions asked.
As such, they have a unique ability and desire to bring out the best in others. And their talent at reading people and discerning their perspectives is impressive. So it only makes sense that people appreciate being around them.
ESFJs have a long list of “best” traits, including:
Warmth
Sensitivity
Cooperation
Helpfulness
Tact
Practicality
Thoroughness
Consistency
Organization
Enthusiasm,
In short, they’re incredibly giving, vivacious individuals who derive a great deal of personal fulfillment from seeing others happy.
Challenges Faced by ESFJs
For all their positives, ESFJs may acquire extremely dubious values if they don’t have the opportunity to evaluate them against a sound external system.
In these situations, since they lack an internalized sense of morality, they typically and sincerely believe their distorted value system to be true. This lack of intuition keeps them from seeing the broader picture, and they’re good at finding plenty of justification for whatever moral infraction they choose to defend.
Compounding this, ESFJs lack the intuition of their ENFJ cousins to help them comprehend the true effects of their actions. They believe their behavior is ethical and therefore justified even when it’s really all about them and their personal objectives.
Since ESFJs typically enjoy a good deal of popularity and know how to work a crowd, they can also be skilled manipulators. In fact, their extraverted feelings can push them to control and manipulate.
Because ESFJs are such compassionate people, there are occasions when they find it difficult to acknowledge or accept a tough truth about a person they hold dear.
An ESFJ who hasn’t matured to his or her full potential may also be prone to feelings of insecurity and excessive people pleasing.
Coaching and Development for ESFJs
Every ESFJ has an innate need to be in charge of their surroundings. They seek closure and demand organization wherever they are. That’s why well-structured environments suit them the best.
You won’t generally find them enjoying tasks requiring impersonal analysis or abstract, theoretical concepts.
Managers should be fully warned that pairing an ESFJ with a more free-spirit colleague can be disastrous without proper preparation on both their parts. They think everyone should respect and adhere to the laws and regulations of authority – and they don’t take kindly to contrary thinking.
Being so conventional, ESFJs would much rather follow the path less traveled instead of trying something new. Their need for security motivates their eager adoption and devotion to the established system’s rules. And they may occasionally accept norms without thinking about them or asking questions.
Speaking of which, ESFJs are usually very aware of gender norms. So much so that they often feel most at ease in a role that corresponds with cultural gender expectations.
ESFJs in the Workplace
Being so people-oriented, the ESFJ personality type can find plenty of opportunities that reward both them and those they interact with. Just as long as they work hard to acknowledge and overcome their sensitivities and struggles, they can be extremely useful and effective members of society.
Research shows that front-line leaders contribute as much as 60% to your employee engagement survey results. What are you doing to increase leadership capacity across your organization?
Come learn some strategies that NASA employed over the last 30 years to build better people leaders. Fortunately, these strategies are not rocket science! Any organization can take similar approaches. In fact, our guest, Brady Pyle, is bringing those approaches from NASA to his new role with a 350-employee non-profit organization. What have you done in the past?
Brady took an early retirement from NASA in February 2023 after a 30-year career in HR, culminating in his role as Deputy Chief Human Capital Officer, where he supervised 12 HR Executives. Brady was a two-time recipient of NASA’s Outstanding Leadership Medal and played a key role in NASA being named Best Place to Work in the Federal Government for 11 Consecutive Years.
Brady has blogged about leadership over the last 10 years at OutOfThisWorldLeadership.com, earning recognition in Feedspot’s Top 100 Leadership Blogs.
Brady currently serves as Vice President of Human Resources at Space Center Houston—a leading non-profit science and space exploration learning center that serves as Official Visitor Center for NASA’s Johnson Space Center.
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Mark A. Griffin is president and founder of In HIS Name HR LLC. Connect with him on LinkedIn and Twitter
Interviewing for a job is one of the most anxiety- causing events a person can endure. In fact, recent studies show that a whopping 93 percent of candidates experience some sort of anxiety when facing an interview. We’ve all heard horror stories of interviews gone wrong – the guy who tossed his beer can in the lobby trash container before walking in to meet the CEO, the guy who brought his dog in a duffle bag in hopes of some moral support, or the girl who wore dirty sweatpants to an engineering job interview, coolly telling the employer “I’m here to program, not audition to be a fashion model!” Yikes! Most likely, none of these people will ever be you! But chances are you might find yourself in that 93 percent, facing some sort of jitters when the big day arrives. Job interviews can certainly be intimidating, but they don’t have to be. With the right tips and tricks, you can learn how to land an interview and make a lasting impression from the moment you walk in the door.
So just where did the idea of the job interview come from? Several years ago, before LinkedIn, Indeed and Monster were around, job seekers scoured the classified section in the local newspaper. Classified ads used to indicate special requirements, such as if the job was meant for a man or woman, single or married, etc. Candidates could be selected for the job based on appearance, religious affiliation, and age. Those of color, foreign accents and physical disabilities were unfavorably classified from securing a job. Thankfully, officials began passing federal laws in the 1960s, outlawing hiring practices based on color, national origin, religion, and gender. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 provided monetary damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination. Today, it would be nearly unheard of for someone to be discriminated against because of nationality or race.
While LinkedIn remains one of the top ways people land interviews, it is often a personal introduction that does the trick. As one employer pointed out, “If we have to post a job listing on LinkedIn or Indeed, this means we have run through the list of all potential internal candidates as well as any personal referrals.” Word of mouth often comes in handy. In other words, it’s all about who you know. This is why it is so crucial to spend your college years networking with professionals through internships, volunteering, or other opportunities.
Things have changed quite a bit in the professional world in the last few years, particularly post-pandemic. Here are a few recent statistics you may find surprising:
*69 % of employers now use video calls to conduct the first interview
*The average candidate goes through 2-3 interviews before landing a job offer
*The average time from the interview to a job offer is approximately 24 business days
*The average job posting gets over 200 resumes in response
*Of those 200 plus resumes, only 20 percent usually receive a response and a chance at an interview
*The average first interview lasts only 15 minutes, while a second interview may last 45 minutes or longer
If this sounds daunting, take heart. Landing an interview means you’ve managed to stand out above the rest. You’ve already done the hard part! If you get a phone call or email, this means your resume or work has impressed your future employer in some way, and they want to know more! Instead of thinking of the interview as a frightening process, think of it instead as a “get to know you more.” The employer has seen you on paper, and now they want to meet you in person to see if you might be a good fit. If you’ve made it this far, chances are you’ve done something right!
So just what do employers look for during that first interview? How can you make sure you make a lasting impression that will ultimately land you the job? Here a few simple DOs and DON’Ts:
*DO attempt to make a good first impression from the moment you walk in the door. Statistics show that the average employer sizes up a future candidate in just seven seconds. Give a firm handshake (if they extend one first) and make sure you’re properly dressed. Nothing screams “I’m not interested” more than inappropriate attire. In fact, one in four recruiters say they would pass on a candidate who was not dressed right for the job. If dealing with a recruiter, it’s perfectly okay to ask what sort of attire an employer prefers. If the company is more high-end, for example, a full business suit might be best. If the company is more laid back, business casual might do the trick. As a general rule, it’s always best to be overdressed rather than underdressed.
*DON’T be late! A whopping 84% of employers said someone showing up late for an interview was an almost guaranteed disqualifier. If you genuinely run into a dilemma before the interview and know you’ll be running late, it’s best practice to contact them as soon as possible to let them know. Even then, it might still be a turn off. So make sure to leave plenty of time to drive and park. Check traffic before you leave. Lay out your clothes the night before and do anything else you might need to do ahead of time to avoid last-minute issues.
*DON’T appear arrogant. Seventy-six percent of recruiters say they would reject a candidate who appears arrogant either on a resume, in person or over the phone. Note that there is a big difference between arrogance and confidence. Confidence is an essential quality in a candidate, and it’s certainly okay to boast about your skills. But doing so in an arrogant way won’t get you far.
*DO your research. Nearly half of candidates are rejected because they didn’t know much about the company. Doing your research shows you are intelligent, informed, and enthusiastic. Nothing says “I don’t want the job” like scratching your head and coming up blank when an employer asks why you want to work for them.
*DO make eye contact. As a general rule, it’s a good idea to make eye contact 60 to 70% of the time during the interview. Body language tells a lot about a person, and if your eyes are downcast the whole time, an employer may sense you lack confidence. Try to smile, even if your nerves get the best of you. Employers know you’re anxious, and most want to put you at ease. If you feel your hands shaking, try clasping them in your lap. And avoid tapping your feet or shifting in your chair if possible.
*Do be prepared to discuss your soft skills. 78 % of employers consider soft skills important and will want to ask you about them. Essentially, soft skills show what sort of employee and team player you will be. You might have mad computer skills, but if you are uptight and can’t get along with others, an employer will likely pass.
*Lastly, DO be yourself. This might sound cliché, but it’s highly important. Despite the nerves, try to relax and speak from the heart. If the setting feels appropriate, you might even offer a little humor to lighten things up. Take cues from the employer; if they make a joke, don’t be afraid to laugh in return. While, as a general rule, it’s usually not a good idea to disclose much personal information during a job interview, it’s okay to share a bit when asked. If an employer mentions his love of dogs, you might jump in and mention your poodle at home. Again, follow the cues. And don’t forget to smile!
For more on the job interview, order your copy of College to Career today!
Jackson was a high school senior, working a part-time job at McDonald’s. During his spare time, he took an interest in video editing and 3D animation. He spent hours learning and perfecting his work on the computer, and his efforts eventually paid off. He knew he wanted to pursue a career in the field and began networking with friends. A neighbor saw his work and was impressed. He reached out to Jackson and connected him with a friend’s commercial ad agency in a nearby city. Jackson sent his work off to the company, and they were impressed as well. The summer after his graduation, they invited Jackson to intern at the company. The pay? A few bucks of gas money to cover the 45-minute commute. Jackson jumped on the opportunity, keeping his burger flipping job in the meantime.
Jackson’s time at the company proved invaluable. After a couple months, his work caught the eye of his superiors, and they bumped him up to $10 an hour. He still wasn’t making the big bucks, but the experience was priceless. A few more months into his internship, the company offered to hire him full time and give him a regular salary. Jackson happily accepted the offer and quit his McDonald’s job at last. He stayed on with the company for several more years, eventually working his way up. What began as a small internship paying only a few bucks for gas turned out to be a life-changing career opportunity.
Students like Jackson are not unique. According to studies by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, otherwise known as NACE, 60 percent of students from classes of 2013 to 2017 partook in some sort of internship, with that number growing every year. Employers see internships as a win/win for both parties, with employers being able to scope out prospective employees and interns gaining valuable experience before or right after college. A few other interesting statistics:
*Interns are nearly twice as likely to land a full-time job versus those who do not intern.
*68 % of interns land a full time job offer after completing their internship.
*60 % of internships are paid.
*The average paid intern makes approximately $20 an hour.
*Tech and banking internships are among some of the highest paying positions.
*Employers seeking interns value communication skills, teamwork and critical thinking skills.
*The average starting salary for a paid intern is $60,000 a year versus $40,000 a year for non-paid interns.
*Tech and political internships are most likely to result in a full-time hired position.
So just where did the concept of internships originate from? According to Melissa Snell, a Medieval History Expert, formal college internship programs started back in the Middle Ages. Around the 11th century, the craft Guild System began. Within a formal arrangement, students could train in hands-on, practical ways with craftsmen, tradesmen, artisans and masters. They could increase their skills until they became proficient in the trade of field study and then officially enter the local guild for their trade. They rarely had a choice of the craft they apprenticed in. The wealthier the family, the more likely one was to get into a prestigious and influential guild.
Many apprentices went on to pursue other professions and became highly important in our country. Notable figures include George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin and Paul Revere. Washington was trained as a surveyor, Jefferson as a law apprentice, Franklin as a printer and Revere as a silversmith.
Medical internships became common as the scientific revolution required more expertise and practical knowledge at the start of the 20th century. Professional formal education came along to meet the demands of the 19th century industrialization boom. The first U.S. academic internship began in 1906 at the Accounting Department at the University of Cincinnati. By 1937, the National Apprenticeship Act was passed, leading the Department of Labor to formulate and promote the furtherance of labor necessary to safeguard the welfare of apprentices.
So just what is the major difference between apprenticeships and internships? Generally, apprenticeships involve in-depth learning, training and practical experience usually for a timeframe of several years for someone who has a commitment to a specific trade. An example might be a journeyman studying to become an electrician. Internships, on the other hand, tend to consist of much shorter durations and focus more on gaining a general knowledge and breadth of experience in a certain field.
Many college students desire internships but don’t know where to begin. Some believe they don’t have enough time in their already busy schedule to squeeze in one more thing. Others feel intimidated because they lack experience in the field. Some simply don’t know where to begin seeking out one. If this is you, don’t sweat it! Start by speaking with your college guidance counselor about potential opportunities, or network with your favorite professor. You’d be surprised by the resources they may have to offer. Consider reaching out to local companies you’re interested in. Don’t worry if you don’t have any experience. They know this. Show enthusiasm and display a strong work ethic, and you’ll soon impress them. Don’t be afraid to network at the company you intern for. You never know what sort of lasting connections you might make while grabbing a coffee or donut in the break room. Be professional, dress to impress, and be prompt, reliable and eager. While you might not find yourself making the big bucks, consider it a win if you bring home even a small paycheck while advancing your knowledge in your field of study. And if you’re feeling crunched for time? Consider a summer internships when you’re home from college on break. It’s the perfect time to hone your skills. Like Jackson, you just might find yourself landing the job of your dreams!
For more on paid and unpaid internships, check out College to Career today!
Imagine you have a friend who wants to set you up with their friend on a date. Naturally, before meeting them for coffee, you want to know a bit more about this mystery person. “What are they like?” you ask your friend.
Your friend begins to describe their personality, hobbies, physical characteristics, and background. To your pleasant surprise, it seems you might have a few things in common. Like you, they love pickleball, sunset walks on the beach, sushi, dogs, old movies, and surfing. Oh, and they have a quirky sense of humor. At this, you are sold. You picture yourself eating California rolls and watching The Office together, discussing rescue dogs and the best surfing spots.
“I’m game,” you tell your friend. “Set me up!”
A resume is much like this – an introduction to someone who is unfamiliar with the employer. The resume is a window into your professional life, a chance for employers to catch a glimpse of your accomplishments and abilities. In short, a resume is a chance for you to sell yourself. It is your presentation to the world, your way of saying, “This is who I am and this is why you should hire me!” To an employers who has never met you, you are merely a name on a piece of paper. A well-written resume is a ticket in the door, a chance at an interview that could lead to an employment offer. This is why it is so crucial to create a flawless resume as you enter the career world.
Understandably, many college students often find resume writing especially challenging. They may feel that their part-time job experience is not relevant to their desired field or that they are inadequate against the competition. But the good news is, a carefully crafted resume is not difficult to compose!
So just where did the idea of a resume come from? The word resume comes from the French language; it means “to summarize the past.” Some claim that Leonardo De Vinci should be credited for creating the very first resume. In 1482, De Vinci wrote the Duke of Milan, explaining his qualifications. In his letter, he was able to carefully address the Duke’s most pressing needs, which at the time were military advantages and fame. An excerpt from the letter reads:
“Most Illustrious Lord, having now sufficiently considered the specimens of all those who proclaim themselves skilled contrivers of instruments of war, and that the invention and operation of the said instruments are nothing different from those in common use, I shall endeavor, without prejudice to anyone else, to explain myself to your Excellency…” This might bring a chuckle, as it’s hard to imagine addressing any future employer as “Most Illustrious Lord.” But De Vinci was not alone in his endeavors. Many others followed suit, penning introduction letters to solidify their credibility.
The notion of a resume continued to morph over time. In the 1940s, resumes sounded more like personal ads, as they included education, qualifications and details that would be considered illegal for hiring a candidate today, such as religion, height, weight, marital status, and age. By the 1950s, resumes were an expected document for employment seekers, and all were typed on a manual typewriter by a woman. In the 1980s, Microsoft Word came along, as did personal computers, changing the working landscape forever. The revolution of the Internet and social media soon followed, allowing people to post resumes online. Today, REZCORE.com, a leading online resume help blog, states that roughly 100 million resumes are sent each year.
According to Dr. John Sullivan, an internationally known thought-leader from the Silicon Valley, most recruiters spend just sixseconds looking at each resume. Yikes! That’s just measly seconds to WOW your future employer and make a lasting impression! So just what makes a great resume? Here are a few dos and don’ts.
To begin, DO be honest. A staggering amount of people falsify information on their resume. In August 2014, Careerbuilder.com reported that 58 percent of employers have caught a lie on a candidate’s resume. Most commonly, people embellish their skill set or responsibilities, while dates of employment are often fudged as well. Others don’t accurately spill the beans about their job title or academic degree. This is regrettable, unethical, and foolish. In a day where employers can quickly research potential candidates online, false information can quickly be discovered. Honesty is always the best policy!
DO share your volunteer and internship experience. This is especially important for students who may feel they don’t have enough professional work experience. Employers know a recent graduate might not have spent much time in their desired field of work, but listing your internship and volunteer experience will go a long way when it comes to impressing people. This shows you are proactive, involved in your community and willing to work hard.
DO include a cover letter whenever possible. Unless a company specifically indicates they do not want a cover letter, it is best to submit one. According to one survey, 86 percent of executives considered cover letters valuable. A cover letter goes above and beyond the resume, telling the employer why you find the job position attractive and why you want to work for that specific company. A great cover letter, according to experts, should be brief (no more than one page) and concise. Use this opportunity to identify yourself, share anything you might have in common with the hiring manager, exhibit your passion and sell your qualifications. Don’t be afraid to highlight any soft skills you have, such as willingness to work long hours or eagerness to learn new things. Above all, be human, and be yourself. If a bit of humor feels appropriate, don’t shy away from tossing that in too.
DON’T use cliché buzz words if possible. CareerBuilder.com released the results of a survey in which it asked more than 2,000 hiring managers and Human Resource professionals about their biggest resume word pet peeves. Among the words they listed as never wanting to see again? Go-getter, results-driven, team player, hard worker, detail-oriented and strategic thinker. Simply put, these word are overused. Employers prefer punchier words showing action. Get creative and think outside the box!
DO triple check your resume for typos and errors. This should go without saying, but many employers can attest to receiving resumes with multiple errors, including misspelling the company’s name or even the candidate’s own name! Nothing will make you look unqualified and uneducated like a few typos.
DON’T speak in first person about yourself. Focus on action instead. For example, instead of saying “I built a company from the ground” simply say “Built a company from the ground.” DON’T include a photo. As one expert said, “You are looking for a job, not a date.” DO seek out help. Check with your local college or university. Many educational facilities provide resume services online or in person. A college’s Career Center is a great place to start. Many of these services are free and can be useful. Check out sample resumes online. LinkedIn is a great place to start, as most professionals post their resumes on this site.
DO try to limit your resume to one page. Remember that magic “six second” rule? Anything longer than a page could be an immediate turn off to an employer. Stick to the facts and say what you need to say well. If you’re unsure of what font to use, sticking to Times New Roman font-size 12 is always a safe bet.
Resume writing can feel daunting, but with the right tools and tricks, a well-written resume can make you stand out from the rest and help land you the job of your dreams! To learn more about writing a smash-hit resume, order your copy of College to Career today!
It’s an average day for Average Joe. He wakes up, powers up his iPhone and checks his Facebook account. After scrolling through some posts, he updates his status. “Just getting ready for class,” he writes. “Hope the day rolls by fast!” He then checks his Instagram, commenting on his brother’s photo collage and his girlfriend’s latest cat photos. After scarfing down a bagel, he posts a picture of his own. “No gourmet meal here,” he captions the picture before heading out to class.
In English class, Joe’s professor discusses the upcoming Academy Awards show. The professor assigns the class to pick a movie that is up for an award, watch it and then write a review. Joe goes home and takes to Twitter, trying to find out which movie has gotten the most acclaim. He at last settles on a flick. After watching the movie, he updates his Facebook status again. “Better than I thought it would be,” he writes. “Hope it nabs an award.”
It’s dinner time, and Joe’s girlfriend is coming over. He’s not much of a cook, so he jumps on Pinterest to see what’s cooking. After searching up a few meals, he settles on a tasty looking Greek dish. He hopes to impress his girlfriend, who doesn’t know he has a Pinterest account. After dinner, Joe finishes his homework and hops on LinkedIn before heading to bed. He’s not very active on the site, but his professor says it’s a great way to find a job, so he’s been poking around. He updates his resume, checks out some profiles and reads a couple blogs. Before shutting down his phone, he checks his Instagram once more. He is pleased to see his Greek dish of homemade hummus and falafel has made it to his girlfriend’s account; the photo already has 62 likes. Joe drifts happily off to sleep.
Does Average Joe sound a bit like you?
Just two decades ago, students wrote notes and stuffed them into locker doors at school. When news broke, they picked up the old family phone and made a call. Families connected with relatives through the mail, penning letters on fancy stationery. When folks looked for a job, they scoured the local newspaper, delivered an application in person and waited anxiously by the telephone for good news. And when friends and family wanted to share photos, they took their 35 mm film to the drug store, printed them and popped them in the mail. But times have changed since then — just a bit!
These days, it seems almost impossible to imagine a world without social media. Whether it be Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest or LinkedIn, most high school and college students have been influenced by these tools in some way or another. Social media, without a doubt, has become a powerful part of our lives. With just a few clicks of a phone or computer mouse, we can send photos, post updates and share major events with those we love. Social media, and the wide world of technology, have changed our lives for good. Like it or not, there is no going back.
Wikipedia defines the classification of social media as many different forms: magazines, Internet forums, weblogs, social blogs, microblogging, wikis, social networks, podcasts, photographs or pictures, video, ranting and social bookmarking. Technologies include blogging, picture sharing, vlogs, wall posting, music sharing, crowd sourcing and voice over IP, just to name a few. New applications, websites and software are constantly evolving and showing up on the scene. The world faces an ever-dynamic system of new startups, upgrades, changes and enhancements, making programs more sophisticated than ever. Just as Apple continues to upgrade and redefine the iPhone every couple years, social media sites constantly seek improvement too. It is an ever-evolving world, and it can be hard to keep up. With technology advancing by the day, things will only move forward, not back.
Today, over half the world now uses some form of social media, with 60 percent of people on various sites. 4.80 billion people around the world use various platforms, with 150 million new users coming online within the past year. The average person, like Average Joe, spends nearly 2.5 hours on social media per day.
So just how did social media begin? And who had dibs on it first?
You’ve probably never heard of it, but in March 2002, a site called Friendstr was launched by a Canadian computer programmer named Jonathan Abrams. It grew to several hundred users within a few weeks and then to over 3 million users by early 2003, becoming the world’s first social media platform that engaged the mainstream. LinkedIn came along a year later, officially making its debut in May of 2003. While this went on to become a great networking tool for professionals, it was a little site called MySpace that really paved the way for social connection online. Launched by a guy named Tom Anderson (yes, that guy in the iconic white T-shirt, who became your first MySpace “friend”!) in August 2003, MySpace revolutionized the online community, particularly in the music sector. People could search for long-lost friends and lovers and reconnect. Initially, it spread like wildfire. In July 2005, MySpace was acquired by News Corporation for $580 million, and in June 2006, it surpassed Yahoo and Google to become the most visited website in the United States. At its peak in April 2008, Myspace and Facebook reached 115 million monthly visitors, but Myspace could not keep up with its newly emerged competitor. Launched by Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook soon bumped MySpace out of its number one spot.
From there, the social media revolution continued. Reddit came next, followed by YouTube. Twitter was launched by Jack Dorsey in March 2006, followed by Pinterest in 2010. Instagram made its debut that same year. Today, the younger generation prefers Instagram to Facebook when it comes to sharing photos and news. As one teen so kindly informed her mother: “Mom, Facebook is now for old folks.” But with nearly 3 billion people around the world still using the site, it doesn’t seem to be going anywhere.
Like Average Joe, your life has likely been impacted by social media in some way. Beyond sharing cat photos, cooking ideas and vacation highlights, it can also be a great way to network and launch your career. To learn more about the evolution of social media, order your copy of College to Career today!
For more on your voice, check out College to Career today!
As a college student or recent graduate, you’re probably giving your future career a great deal of thought. And I’m guessing you’re interested in a career you want to enjoy. You’ll want to like what do you do because you’re going to do it a lot! According to statistics from the research firm Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development, the average American works 1,788 hours per year. Over 40 years, that could add up to over 71,000 hours! Take a moment to let that staggering number sink in. You may spend more time working than sleeping, eating or participating in your favorite recreational activities throughout your life!
While you want to enjoy what you do, I’m also guessing you want to enjoy the company you work for, as you might be there for a very long time. Longevity for employees is now increasing. Recent statistics show that employees stay at their jobs an average of 4.6 years. This is why it’s so important to know exactly what you want to do before you start doing it. Beginning a career in a field you love and sticking with it will make all the difference in your future. But in order to enjoy a career you love, you need something vitally important: your voice.
No, I’m not referring to the popular singing show on TV. I’m referring to a combination of your personal mission, vision and values. All successful companies must have a voice. A voice shapes the culture of an organization and serves as a guide to employees and management. Organizations with a well thought-out voice have direction, purpose and achievement in the workplace. These organizations know where they want to be (the big picture) and do the appropriate things (the details) to get there. Every step of the way, their employees enthusiastically project that voice to customers, vendors and their local communities. Without a voice, high-powered organizations will find it impossible to align their goals and objectives to create success.
So just what does a personal mission, vision and values statement entail? Let’s dig in a bit.
A mission statement for a company is a concise, meaningful sentence or two that represents the purpose of the organization. Mission statements are often action-based, explaining how the company’s objectives serve both employees and customers. Here are a few examples:
LinkedIn: “To connect the world’s professionals to make them more productive and successful.”
Amazon: “To be Earth’s most customer-centric company, where customers can find and discover anything they might want to buy online, and endeavors to offer its customers the lowest possible prices.”
Nike: “Bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world.”
A personal mission statement is similar. It defines who you are as a person and identifies your purpose, whether that’s on the job or simply in life. It explains where you see yourself in the future, how you plan to pursue that purpose and why it matters so much to you. Like an organizational mission statement, it should be clear and concise – a soundbite or quick elevator pitch, if you will. Here is a sample personal mission statement:
“To use my writing skills to inspire and educate others around the world to make a change.”
An organizational vision differs a bit from a mission statement. A vision statement is a company’s “one day” statement, or the goal a company strives to embody or see in its consumers. A company’s vision statement is essentially the world the company envisions for the future, while the mission statement defines the strategy for reaching that vision. Here’s an example:
Tesla: “To create the most compelling car company of the 21st century by driving the world’s transition to electric vehicles.”
Lastly, an organizational value statement defines what is important to a company and its employees and discusses the company’s most essential values. Here is an example:
“We believe food has the power to change the world. We do it by being real.”
Similarly, a personal value statement defines what values are most important to YOU. Here is an example:
“To be a respectable employee, friend and member of the community and make a positive impact on others by being honest, fair and reliable.”
These three important aspects—your mission, vision and values – all create your voice. In essence, you are sharing with the world WHO you are, WHAT you believe and WHERE you want to go. No two people share the exact same voice. Your voice is unique only to YOU. By fine tuning this voice, you will impress future employers when they see you know who you are and what you want. If this sounds intimidating, fret not. Begin by grabbing a piece of scratch paper and writing out your thoughts. You might begin by scribbling a few adjectives that describe you best. Then think about what you value most. Is it integrity? Reliability? Honesty? Lastly, what is it you really want, and how do you plan to get there? Where do you see yourself in five years? Ten years? Don’t worry if you don’t have it all figured out. You are young, and sometimes plans change. But by perfecting your unique voice, you will set yourself apart from the rest.
Once you come up with your mission, vision and values statement, start reciting it to your friends and loved ones. Say it with confidence and a smile. By the time you land an interview at your desired company, you’ll have it down pat!
By being clear about who you are, what you believe and where you want to go, you’ll be sure to stay on track and pursue the career of your dreams!
For more on your voice, check out College to Career today!
